GLP-1 peptides — clinician's plain-English overview
Semaglutide, tirzepatide, retatrutide explained in plain language with honest trade-offs.
Posting this because I keep typing variations of it in DMs. Here's the GLP-1 family in one place.
All three (semaglutide, tirzepatide, retatrutide) are gut-hormone mimics that reduce appetite, slow gastric emptying, and improve insulin sensitivity. They differ in which receptors they hit and how powerfully.
Semaglutide: GLP-1 only. Longest safety record. ~15% average weight loss. Easiest access.
Tirzepatide: GLP-1 + GIP. Stronger weight loss (~22%). Slightly different side effect mix (less reflux, more constipation in my cohort). My current default for new patients.
Retatrutide: GLP-1 + GIP + glucagon. Strongest weight loss (~24% at highest dose). Still in trials. Side effect curve is more aggressive in early titration.
Universal points: slow titration matters more than the choice itself. Protein + resistance training preserves lean mass. Hydration cuts side effects more than people expect. Cycle off the question 'is this sustainable?' regularly.